Data Types 1. What are the different data types available in COBOL? Numeric, Alphabetic (A) , Alpha-numeric (X) and , Numeric (9...
Data Types
1. What are the different data types available in COBOL?
Numeric,
Alphabetic (A),
Alpha-numeric (X) and,
Numeric Edited and
Alphanumeric Edited.
Symbols used
Numeric 9 P S V
Alphabetic A
Alphanumeric X 9 A
Numeric Edited 9 P V and at least one of the editing symbols
B / Z 0 + - * , . CR DB $
Alphanumeric Edited X 9 A B 0 /
Example:.g.,
77 WS-MESSAGE PIC X(30).
77 WS-NUMBER PIC 9999.
2. What are the permissible character sets in COBOL?
Digits 0,1,2…9
Letters A,B,…Z
Space/Blank Bb
Special Symbols + - * / ( ) $ . “ < > =
3. What are all the figurative constants available in COBOL?
Zero, Zeroes, Zeros
Quote, Quotes
Space, Spaces
High-Value, Highest-Value
Low-Value, Lowest-Value
All
4. What are all the possible Editing Characters used in COBOL. Explain them with examples?
Numeric Data
Z Zero Suppression
* Asterisk
$ Currency Sign
- Minus Sign
+ Plus Sign
CR DB Credit Debit Sign
Period (.)
Comma (,)
Blank (‘b’)
Zero (0)
Slash (/)
Blank When Zero
Inserts blanks when data value is zero
Alpha Numeric Data
Blank, Zero, Slash Insertion
Note:
Mutually Exclusive PIC Clauses
CR and DB
$ + _ Z *
V .
Example:.g.,
PIC Numeric Edited
Value Value
Value Value
ZZZV99 38^4 b3840
* * 999 00052 * * 052
$ * *999 985 $**985
-ZZZV99 -46^52 -b4652
+999 -382 -382
+999 382 +382
9999+ -382 0382-
ZZ,Z99 2456 b2,456
ZZZZ.ZZ 0^05 bbbb.05
$$$$9.99 342 b$342.00
99B99B99 46 00b00b46
09990 456 04560
999/999/99 3254 000/032/54
5. What is the difference between PIC 9.99 and 9v99?
PIC 9.99 is a FOUR-POSITION field that actually contains a decimal point where as PIC 9v99 is THREE-POSITION numeric field with implied or assumed decimal position.
6. What is PIC 9v99 Indicates?
PICTURE 9v99 is a three position Numeric field with an implied or assumed decimal point after the first position; the v means an implied decimal point.
7. Can JUSTIFIED be used for all the data types?
No, it can be used only with alphabetic and alphanumeric data types.
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